사우디, 2016년도 870억불 적자 예산 편성 Saudi Arabia to run $87bn budget deficit in 2016
2015년 168억불 배정 인프라·교통 부문
2016년 64억불 50% 이상 삭감
추진 예정 메카, 젯다, 메디나 메트로와 함께
랜드브릿지 철도 프로젝트 축소 불가피
source csmonitor.com
관련기사
점점 심화되는 사우디의 재정 악화, 건설프로젝트 추진 난관 봉착
http://conpaper.tistory.com/35099
edited by kcontents
케이콘텐츠 편집
사우디가 2016년에 3,260억SR(약 870억불) 규모의 적자를 예상하며 지출을 축소하는 등 유가하락에 대비하기 위해 경제 개혁에 착수했다.
재무부는 2016년 수입을 2015년 6,080억SR(약 1,621억불) 대비 16% 감소한 5,130억SR(약 1,368억불)로 예상했다. 2015년 석유부문의 수입은 2014년보다 23% 줄어든 4,445억SR(1,185억불)로 추정되며, 이는 전체 수입의 73%에 해당하는 규모이다. 한편 비석유부문 수입은 2014년 1,268억SR(약 338억불) 대비 증가한 1,635억SR(436억불)을 기록했다.
또한 2015년 실제 지출규모는 당초 계획보다 13%가 늘어난 9,750억SR(약 2,600억불)이었으며, 공무원 및 군인 재직자, 연금 수급자, 퇴직자에 대한 급여 등 추가 비용발생이 지출 증가의 주요 원인인 것으로 보인다.
2016년에는 전년보다 1,350억SR(약 360억불) 줄어든 8,400억SR(약 2,240억불)을 지출할 계획이다.
2015년에 630억SR(168억불)이 배정되었던 인프라·교통 부문의 2016년 배정예산은 239억SR(64억불)로 50% 이상 삭감되어 추진 예정인 메카, 젯다, 메디나 메트로와 함께 랜드브릿지 철도 프로젝트의 축소가 불가피할 것으로 보인다.
기타 부문별 할당 예산은 군사·안보 2,134억SR(약 569억불), 교육·훈련 1,917억SR(약 511억불), 보건·사회개발 1,049억SR(약 280억불), 행정 238억SR(약 63억불), 지방정부 212억SR(57억불) 등이다.
사우디는 유가가 배럴당 100불에 달하던 고유가 시기에도 적자예산을 편성하며 대규모 인프라 프로젝트에 수백억불 규모의 투자를 지속해왔다a. 하지만 2014년 중반부터 저유가가 지속되면서 지출 축소, 세제 개편 등의 어려운 선택을 할 수밖에 없는 상황에 직면해 있다.
<출처 : MEED(2015.12.28)>
Saudi Arabia to run $87bn budget deficit in 2016
By ABDULLAH AL-SHIHRI and AYA BATRAWY, Associated Press
RIYADH, Saudi Arabia (AP) — Saudi Arabia on Monday said this year's budget deficit amounted to $98 billion (367 billion riyals) as lower oil prices cut into the government's main source of revenue, prompting the kingdom to scale back spending for the coming year and hike up petrol prices.
A royal decree announced that petrol prices would go up by 50 percent effective Tuesday. Even with that jump, Saudis will pay just 24 cents (0.90 riyals) for a liter of 95 octane gasoline, less than a dollar per gallon. The Saudi-based Jadwa Investment estimates the government spends around $61 billion on energy subsidies annually, almost $11 billion of that on gasoline alone.
For two consecutive years the kingdom has posted a deficit, and it is planning for another budget shortfall next year, projected at $87 billion (326 billion riyals).
The deficits represent a sharp turnaround from just a few years ago, before oil prices tumbled in mid-2014. Instead of cutting oil production to drive prices up, Saudi Arabia has aggressively kept its production levels high in what analysts say is an attempt to keep its market share and stymie the reach of U.S. shale producers in the global market.
The Saudi government has been digging into its large foreign reserves, built up during years of higher oil prices. To cover the difference between its spending and revenue over the past year, Saudi Arabia has drawn its reserves down from $728 billion at the end of last year to around $640 billion.
The Saudi fiscal budget is being watched closely by investors to see how the kingdom plans to consolidate after years of heavy spending when oil prices were more than double what they are now. Benchmark U.S. crude was trading Monday at $37.46 per barrel on the New York Mercantile Exchange.
One area where the government is not cutting back is defense and security, where it allocated $57 billion (213 billion riyals) for 2016. Saudi Arabia has been leading a coalition against Shiite Houthi rebels in Yemen since March and is a member of the U.S.-led coalition battling the Islamic State group in Syria and Iraq.
The government said it is anticipating $137 billion (513 billion riyals) in revenue for the coming year, around $26 billion (95 billion riyals) less than the total for 2015. As is typical for the published version of the budget, it did not include a projected oil price.
Next year's budget suggests Saudi Arabia is basing its revenue on an even lower price of $40 a barrel for export crude, if production remains at 10.2 million barrels per day, said Fahad Alturki, chief economist and head of research at Saudi-based Jadwa Investment. That's less than the $56 per barrel priced into the projected 2015 budget.
In the 2015 budget, oil revenues accounted for 72 percent of total revenue as opposed to 87 percent in 2014. Coinciding with that drop, non-oil revenues rose by almost $10 billion from 2014.
Saudi Arabia and its Arab Gulf neighbors have been working to diversify their economies and decrease their dependence on oil, and to support the private sector to absorb the millions of young people coming into the workforce.
Saudi Arabia says it expects to spend $224 billion (840 billion riyals) in 2016, which is $5 billion (20 billion riyals) less than what had been projected for this year. However, the government has also put aside $49 billion (183 billion riyals) in discretionary spending to use on infrastructure projects if oil prices improve.
Nearly half of this year's spending, or around $120 billion (450 billion riyals), went to wages, salaries and allowances. The budget revealed that the kingdom spent $30 billion more in 2015 than it had initially planned, reaching $260 billion (975 billion riyals) in total expenditures largely because of financial handouts King Salman doled out to the public when he ascended the throne earlier this year
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