세계 최대 '사우디 아람코' 상장 추진...시총 1위 애플 추월? Saudi Arabia is considering an IPO of Aramco, probably the world’s most valuable company(VIDEO)

재정적자에 사상 최대 변화 택하나

에쓰오일 최대주주


An Aramco oil facility in the Saudi Arabian desert, about 100 miles east of Riyadh. Credit Aramco, via Agence France-Presse 

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   세계 최대 석유회사인 아람코가 상장을 검토하고 있다고 공개적으로 밝혔다.


8일 블룸버그통신은 사우디아라비아가 국영 석유회사 아람코의 상장(IPO)을 검토하고 있다고 성명을 통해 밝혔다고 보도했다. 아람코는 성명에서 "상장을 위한 다양한 방안을 검토중"이라면서 "적절한 상장 비율에 대해 살피고 있다"고 설명했다.


이에 앞서 영국 주간 이코노미스트는 무하메드 빈 살만 사우디 부왕세제가 "사우디 시장에 관심이 있다면, 아람코에도 관심이 있을 것"이라며 "개인적으로 (IPO에) 큰 관심이 있다"고 밝혔다고 전했다. 보도에 따르면 그는 "수개월 내에 (IPO) 결정을 내릴 것"이라고도 했다.


사우디가 아람코의 IPO를 추진하는 이유는 저유가로 인해 사상 최대의 재정적자를 기록하면서 재정 상태가 악화돼 가고 있기 때문으로 분석된다. 최근 보조금을 삭감하고 휘발유 가격을 최대 67% 인상하는 등 긴축에 나서고 있지만, 이것만으로 악화된 재정을 균형상태로 되돌리기에는 역부족인 상태라는 것이다.


무하메드 부왕세제는 아람코 IPO 준비를 위해 최근 두 차례의 고위급 회의를 가졌으며, 아람코뿐만 아니라 산하 석유화학 등 자회사의 IPO까지 다양한 대안까지도 논의한 것으로 알려졌다. 초기 유동주식 비율은 5%가 될 것으로 보인다. 지난해 6월 외국인들에게 개방된 사우디 주식시장에서 최대 규모인 석유화학업체 '사빅'의 유동주식 비율은 0.1%에 그친다.


사우디의 석유매장량은 2610억배럴로, 이 원유의 생산과 판매를 통제하는 아람코의 기업가치는 수 조 달러대로 추산된다. 엑손모빌의 시장가치가 3190억달러에 달하는 것을 감안하면 몸값을 미루어 짐작할 수 있다. 향후 IPO를 실시하게 되면 투자자를 위해 정보 공개량도 늘어날 전망이다. 현재는 매출 등 자세한 정보가 공개되지 않고 있다. 시장에서는 보수저거으로 추산해도 아람코의 가치가 현재 시가총액 1위인 애플의 가치(5430억달러)를 크게 웃돌 것으로 내다보고 있다.


블룸버그는 아람코를 투자자들에게 개방하는 것은 사우디가 1970년대 국유화를 시작한 이후 최대 변화로 평가했다. 컨설팅업체 레피디언그룹의 밥 맥널리는 "석유업계에 획기적인 변화"라면서 "사우디가 유가를 통제하지 않고 롤러코스터에 탈 준비를 하고 있다"고 말했다.


한편, 아람코는 한국 정유사 에쓰오일의 최대주주다.

[아시아경제] 김현정 기자 alphag@asiae.co.kr





Saudi Arabia is considering an IPO of Aramco, probably the world’s most valuable company


 


SAUDI ARABIA is thinking about listing shares in Saudi Aramco, the state-owned company that is the world’s biggest oil producer and almost certainly the world’s most valuable company. Muhammad bin Salman, the kingdom’s deputy crown prince and power behind the throne of his father, King Salman, has told The Economist that a decision will be taken in the next few months. “Personally I’m enthusiastic about this step,” he said. “I believe it is in the interest of the Saudi market, and it is in the interest of Aramco.”


The potential listing comes as Saudi Arabia grapples with the damage wreaked on its economy by an oil-price collapse to below $35 a barrel, as well as mounting tensions with its arch-rival Iran, following the execution of Saudi cleric Nimr Baqr al-Nimr in early January. It is just one possible step in an ambitious plan to balance the budget and throw open the country’s closed economy.


Prince Muhammad made the remarks during his first on-the-record interview, on January 4th, in which he ranged broadly, from the geopolitics of the region, to his efforts to foster radical economic reform in Saudi Arabia.


Read the full transcript here. 


The prince has held two high-level meetings recently on the possibility of floating Saudi Aramco shares. Officials say options under preliminary consideration range from listing some of its petrochemical and other “downstream” firms, to selling shares in the parent company, which includes the core business of producing crude.


Officials say Saudi Aramco is worth “trillions of dollars”, but it is one of the world’s most secretive oil companies and reveals no information on revenues and offers only limited information on its hydrocarbon reserves.


Prince Muhammad says that a listing would make the company more transparent. Diplomats say investors are already being sounded out. The talk is of first floating part of the company in Riyadh—perhaps 5%. In time that could rise, though the kingdom would continue to exercise control over the company.


The upstream part of the business would be most attractive to investors. At 261 billion barrels, Saudi Aramco’s stated hydrocarbon reserves are more than ten times those of ExxonMobil, the largest private oil company. Saudi Aramco is also one of the world’s lowest-cost oil producers, thanks to the ease of pumping oil in Saudi Arabia.


Speaking about Iran, Prince Muhammad defended Saudi Arabia’s decision to suspend diplomatic relations on January 3rd after its embassy was set ablaze in Tehran by crowds protesting against Mr Nimr’s execution. The prince denied that there was a risk of outright conflict. “A war between Saudi Arabia and Iran is the beginning of a major catastrophe in the region,” he said. “...For sure, we will not allow any such thing.” However, on January 7th, Iran said that Saudi warplanes had attacked its embassy in Sana’a, Yemen’s capital.


Since Prince Muhammad became head of the defence ministry, and the Council for Economic and Development Affairs, just over a year ago, the country’s geopolitical swagger has been coupled with plans for sweeping economic change at home. These plans include gradually eliminating subsidies on electricity, water and housing; seeking private-sector provision in health care and education; introducing a 5% value-added tax on non-essential goods; and studying the complete or partial privatisation of over two dozen agencies, including the national airline and telecoms firm.


Asked if Saudi Arabia was undergoing a “Thatcherite revolution”, Prince Muhammad replied: “Most certainly.”

http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21685529-biggest-oil-all-saudi-arabia-considering-ipo-aramco-probably



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