식사량 조금만 줄이면 건강한 노년 보장? Cutting Calories May Help You Fend Off Age-Linked Disease: Study

심장질환, 당뇨병 위험 인자 감소

source athlete.io

edited by kcontents 

케이콘텐츠 편집

건강한 노년을 보내려면 매일 조금씩 덜 먹는 습관을 유지하는 게 좋다는 연구결과가 나왔다. 미국국립노화연구소(NIA) 연구팀은 200명의 건강한 젊은이와 중년들을 대상으로 섭취 칼로리를 제한하는 실험을 실시했다. 연구팀은 참가자들을 칼로리 제한 그룹과 평소 식습관을 유지하도록 한 그룹에 무작위로 배치했다. 칼로리 제한 그룹에 속한 참가자들은 첫 해에 체중을 15.5% 줄이는 것을 목표로 섭취 칼로리를 평소보다 25% 줄이도록 했다. 그리고 그 다음 해에는 줄인 체중을 안정적으로 유지하도록 했다. 참가자들은 첫 해에 목표에는 미치지 못했지만 체중을 10% 감량했고 이후 일 년 동안 줄인 체중을 유지했다. 연구팀은 “정상이거나 약간 과체중이었던 실험 참가자들이 목표인 15.5%에는 미치지 못했지만 체중을 10% 감량한 것은 대단한 것”이라고 설명했다. 참가자들은 칼로리 섭취 제한에서도 목표인 25%에 못 미치는 12%를 기록했다. 하지만 이런 습관을 2년 동안 유지했다. 그 결과, 이들의 신체 신진대사에는 전혀 변화가 없었지만 심장질환과 관련된 몇 가지 예측 변수는 획기적으로 개선이 된 것으로 나타났다. 총 콜레스테롤은 6%, 혈압은 4% 감소한 반면 좋은 콜레스테롤(HDL)은 증가한 것이다. 특히 심장질환과 연관된 염증 표지자인 C-반응 단백질이 47%나 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 또 당뇨병의 위험 인자인 인슐린 저항성도 감소했다. 갑상샘 기능 표지자 수치도 20% 감소했다. 이전의 연구에서 낮아진 갑상샘 기능은 장수와 연관성이 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 단 칼로리 제한 그룹에서는 일시적인 빈혈증 증상이 나타난 경우가 있었고 일부 참가자들은 골밀도 감소 증상을 보였다. NIA의 노인병학 및 임상 노인학과 소장인 에반 하들리 박사는 “이번 연구결과 건강하고 비만이 아닌 사람들도 먹는 양을 조금씩 줄인 뒤 이를 유지하는 게 질병을 일으키는 위험 인자에 영향을 주고 장수에 도움이 되는 것으로 나타났다”고 말했다. 이번 연구결과는 ‘노인학:의과학 저널(The Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences)’에 실렸으며 헬스데이뉴스가 보도했다. 코메디닷컴 권순일 기자 (kstt77@kormedi.com)

 

Cutting Calories May Help You Fend Off Age-Linked Disease: Study

Smaller portions could lower risk of heart disease, diabetes, even in low-risk people

TUESDAY, Sept. 1, 2015 (HealthDay News) 

That's the suggestion from a new study led by researchers at the U.S. National Institute on Aging (NIA).

The "results are quite intriguing," study co-author Dr. Evan Hadley, director of geriatrics and clinical gerontology at the NIA, said in an agency news release. "They show that this degree of sustained calorie restriction can influence disease risk factors and possible predictors of longevity in healthy, non-obese people."

The research included more than 200 healthy adults. The adults were young or middle-aged, and either at normal weight or slightly overweight. They were randomly assigned to either a calorie restriction group or to a control group who continued their regular eating habits.

Previous animal studies have shown that calorie restriction -- taking in fewer calories while still getting essential nutrients -- extends longevity and slows progression of many age-related diseases, the researchers said.

The participants in the calorie restriction group were given a target of 15.5 percent weight loss in the first year, the researchers said. To do that, the study volunteers would need to reduce their calorie intake by 25 percent. They were asked to keep their weight stable in the second year of the study.

The people in this group lost an average of 10 percent of their body weight in the first year, and maintained this weight loss over the second year. Even though the group did not achieve the weight loss target, it was the largest sustained weight loss seen in any dietary trial in non-obese people, according to the researchers.

The average 12 percent decline in calorie intake was far short of the 25 percent target, but the participants maintained calorie restriction for the entire two years of the study.

The people in the calorie restriction group didn't have any of the changes in metabolism that were seen in previous animal studies. But they did have significant improvements in several predictors of heart disease, including a 6 percent decrease in total cholesterol, a 4 percent fall in blood pressure, and increased levels of "good" HDL cholesterol.

Calorie restriction also led to a 47 percent decrease in levels of C-reactive protein, a marker of inflammation linked to heart disease. Reduced insulin resistance, a risk factor for diabetes, was also seen.

Levels of a marker of thyroid activity fell by more than 20 percent. Some studies have suggested that lower thyroid activity may be associated with longer life span.

However, some of the people in the calorie restriction group developed temporary anemia. Some also had larger-than-expected decreases in bone density, the study found. These findings highlight the importance of medical monitoring during calorie restriction, according to the study authors.

Hadley said it's important to see if calorie restriction would offer additional long-term benefits. And he said it would be useful to learn if calorie-restricted weight loss offered more benefits than exercise-induced weight loss.

The study is in the September issue of the Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences.

http://consumer.healthday.com/vitamins-and-nutrition-information-27/dieting-to-lose-weight-health-news-195/eating-fewer-calories-tied-to-lower-odds-of-age-related-conditions-702867.html

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