한 국가의 진정한 발전은? 사회적 진보지수(Social Progress Index) List of countries by Social Progress Index

경제문화 Economy, Culture/경제금융 Economy Finance2015. 2. 2. 10:36

Social Progress Index(사회적진보지수)= 웰빙지수

기본적인 인간필요(basic human needs), 웰빙의 기초조건(foundations of well-being),

그리고 기회(opportunity)라는 3가지 카데고리로 측정된다

케이콘텐츠 kcontents

80년 전 경제학자인 Simon Kuznets은 미국 정부의 요청으로 1930년대 경제대공항에서 미국 경제가 회복됨을 측정하기 위해 Gross Domestic Product (GDP, 국내총생산)란 개념을 만들었다고 한다. 경제대공항으로부터 회복하기 위해서는 적극적인 생산의 회복이 필요했기 때문이다.

그런데 이러한 국내총생산이 과연 한 국가의 진정한 발전을 의미하는 지표로서 지금과 같은 현실에서도 의미를 가질까?

그때와 달리 지금은 경제외부효과가 급증하며, 환경에 대한 지속가능성, 또한 다양한 사회문제의 증폭으로 인해 경제생산만으로 사회의 일반전인 진보(progress)를 측정하기가 어렵게 되었다.

즉, 경제적 진보(economic progress)라는 하나의 렌즈만으로 세상을 이해하고 바라보기 어렵기 때문에 보다 포괄적인 렌즈인 사회적 진보(social progress)란 관점에서 한 국가의 발전을 측정할 필요가 있다는 논의가 진행되고 있다.

Social Progress Index(사회적진보지수)는 기본적인 인간필요(basic human needs), 웰빙의 기초조건(foundations of well-being), 그리고 기회(opportunity)라는 3가지 카데고리로 측정된다. (참조: www.socialprogressimperative.org)

2014 Social Progress Index(사회적진보지수)는

1위 뉴질랜드Newzealand

2위 스위스Switzerland

3위 아이스랜드Iceland

4위 네덜란드Netherland

5위 노르웨이Norway

6위 스웨덴Sweden

7위 캐나다Canada

8위 핀란드Finland

9위 덴마크Denmark

10위오스트레일리아Austrailia

미국United States 16위

영국United Kingdom 13위

한국South korea 28위

일본Japan 14위

중국China 90위

공통적으로 영연방 국가의 지수가 높음을 알 수 있다.

황기철

콘페이퍼 에디터

The Social Progress Index measures the extent to which countries provide for the social and environmental needs of their citizens. Fifty-two indicators in the areas of basic human needs, foundations of wellbeing, and opportunity to progress show the relative performance of nations. The index is published by the nonprofit Social Progress Imperative, and is based on the writings of Amartya Sen, Douglass North, and Joseph Stiglitz.

The SPI measures the well-being of a society by observing social and environmental outcomes directly rather than the economic factors. The social and environmental factors include personal safety, ecosystem sustainability, health and wellness, shelter, sanitation, equity and inclusion and personal freedom and choice.

On July 11, 2013, Social Progress Imperative Chairmain, and professor at Harvard Business School, Michael E. Porter addressed the United Nations 6th Ministerial Forum for Development and discussed the Social Progress Index.

wiki

Country	Rank (SPI)	Social Progress Index	Rank (BHN)	Basic Human Needs	Rank (FW)	Foundations of Well-being	Rank (O)	Opportunity
Albania	48	69.13	50	80.12	43	73.13	58	54.14
Algeria	87	59.13	59	76.25	83	64.25	116	36.9
Angola	127	39.93	118	41.67	127	46.38	124	31.75
Argentina	42	70.59	54	77.77	58	70.62	33	63.38
Armenia	60	65.03	52	78.42	62	69.27	79	47.39
Australia	10	86.1	14	92.47	18	80.27	3	85.54
Austria	11	85.11	6	94.57	5	86.35	20	74.42
Azerbaijan	73	62.44	60	76.19	67	68.59	99	42.54
Bangladesh	99	52.04	98	57.28	100	59.4	108	39.44
Belarus	58	65.2	38	84.13	73	67.35	91	44.13
Belgium	17	82.63	13	92.74	23	78.81	15	76.34
Benin	106	49.11	109	47.76	107	57.24	100	42.33
Bolivia	71	62.9	88	63.44	55	71.42	59	53.85
Bosnia and Herzegovina	61	64.99	37	84.52	89	63.53	80	46.93
Botswana	57	65.6	83	65.88	47	72.67	44	58.25
Brazil	46	69.97	74	71.09	38	75.78	36	63.03
Bulgaria	44	70.24	45	82.01	51	71.72	49	56.98
Burkina Faso	112	47.33	121	40.16	109	56.07	85	45.75
Burundi	130	37.33	130	32.84	129	46.05	123	33.1
Cambodia	100	51.89	110	47.44	76	66.89	103	41.33
Cameroon	116	45.51	114	44.13	114	53.73	112	38.65
Canada	7	86.95	11	93.52	17	80.31	2	87.02
Central African Republic	124	42.4	104	51.24	124	47.75	127	28.22
Chad	132	32.6	132	25.94	131	42.42	126	29.45
Chile	30	76.3	39	83.85	45	72.99	23	72.06
China	90	58.67	69	73.02	84	63.78	110	39.21
Colombia	52	67.24	75	69.56	39	75.72	51	56.45
Costa Rica	25	77.75	42	82.66	16	80.53	24	70.04
Croatia	36	73.31	26	88.16	29	76.87	57	54.88
Cuba	79	61.07	44	82.1	103	58.11	95	42.99
Czech Republic	23	80.41	17	91.77	13	83.26	29	66.21
Denmark	9	86.55	1	95.73	8	84.82	13	79.1
Djibouti	115	45.95	95	59.82	132	41.34	117	36.68
Dominican Republic	68	63.03	84	65.78	56	71.38	66	51.93
Ecuador	50	68.15	70	72.98	35	75.97	52	55.51
Egypt	84	59.97	58	76.77	66	68.98	119	34.17
El Salvador	63	64.7	78	68.98	75	67.2	46	57.92
Estonia	19	81.28	28	87.13	10	84.39	22	72.32
Finland	8	86.91	4	94.63	11	84.17	8	81.92
France	20	81.11	19	91.23	20	79.37	21	72.72
Georgia	66	63.94	63	75.11	70	67.64	73	49.07
Germany	12	84.61	12	93.08	7	84.96	16	75.81
Ghana	96	55.96	103	52.39	80	65.63	69	49.85
Greece	35	73.43	29	86.99	41	74.85	43	58.45
Guatemala	76	61.37	82	66.5	68	67.95	71	49.67
Guinea	129	37.41	127	36.48	130	45.02	125	30.73
Guyana	82	60.06	80	68.49	102	58.36	61	53.35
Honduras	77	61.28	89	63.42	59	70.57	70	49.84
Hungary	32	73.87	33	86.24	50	71.91	32	63.46
Iceland	3	88.07	7	94.32	2	88.19	9	81.71
India	102	50.24	100	54.48	108	56.84	109	39.39
Indonesia	88	58.98	87	63.65	61	69.42	92	43.86
Iran	94	56.65	55	77.76	101	58.36	121	33.82
Iraq	118	44.84	93	60.82	128	46.36	129	27.35
Ireland	15	84.05	9	93.63	37	75.89	4	82.63
Israel	39	71.4	35	85.77	52	71.57	50	56.87
Italy	29	76.93	30	86.73	26	77.48	26	66.58
Jamaica	43	70.39	76	69.23	31	76.34	30	65.6
Japan	14	84.21	3	94.72	21	79.25	14	78.67
Jordan	75	61.92	49	81.31	94	61.15	93	43.29
Kazakhstan	86	59.47	62	75.14	111	54.8	74	48.47
Kenya	103	50.2	111	45.8	79	66.38	113	38.41
Kuwait	40	70.66	27	87.56	44	73.11	67	51.32
Kyrgyzstan	93	57.08	86	64.42	97	60.54	83	46.26
Laos	98	52.41	97	59.01	91	61.58	118	36.65
Latvia	31	73.91	41	82.77	22	79.11	41	59.85
Lebanon	83	60.05	65	74.35	93	61.28	89	44.52
Lesotho	107	48.94	116	43.17	119	51.07	64	52.57
Liberia	120	44.02	125	36.77	121	48.99	82	46.29
Lithuania	33	73.76	48	81.47	24	77.96	38	61.84
Macedonia	49	68.33	46	81.87	69	67.9	55	55.23
Madagascar	119	44.28	122	39.73	118	51.9	104	41.2
Malawi	109	48.79	113	44.92	110	55.65	84	45.8
Malaysia	45	70	32	86.27	34	76.06	76	47.68
Mali	113	46.85	112	45.73	117	52.72	101	42.11
Mauritania	121	43.11	107	49.43	112	54.03	131	25.88
Mauritius	34	73.68	31	86.39	54	71.43	34	63.21
Mexico	54	66.41	66	74.18	72	67.37	47	57.67
Moldova	81	60.12	71	72.65	99	59.66	75	48.04
Mongolia	89	58.97	102	53.67	85	63.67	42	59.56
Montenegro	53	66.8	51	78.91	65	69.01	65	52.48
Morocco	91	58.01	73	71.86	90	62.57	107	39.6
Mozambique	117	45.23	119	41.19	120	49.86	87	44.64
Namibia	78	61.19	96	59.01	64	69.1	53	55.46
Nepal	101	51.58	99	57.13	98	60.12	115	37.49
Netherlands	4	87.37	8	93.91	3	87.56	11	80.63
New Zealand	1	88.24	18	91.74	6	84.97	1	88.01
Nicaragua	74	62.33	91	63.31	57	70.91	63	52.77
Niger	126	40.1	129	33.74	122	48.87	114	37.7
Nigeria	123	42.65	126	36.57	104	58.08	122	33.29
Norway	5	87.12	10	93.59	4	86.94	10	80.82
Pakistan	131	34.17	131	27.42	125	47.38	128	27.7
Panama	38	72.58	57	77.39	25	77.85	37	62.48
Paraguay	72	62.65	90	63.41	78	66.4	45	58.16
Peru	55	66.29	79	68.71	46	72.94	48	57.21
Philippines	56	65.86	81	66.76	63	69.17	39	61.63
Poland	27	77.44	36	84.72	15	81.1	28	66.5
Portugal	22	80.49	20	90.93	33	76.11	19	74.43
Republic of Congo	110	47.99	128	34.18	81	64.38	86	45.42
Romania	51	67.72	68	73.71	42	74.54	56	54.91
Russia	80	60.79	72	72.15	87	63.66	81	46.58
Rwanda	105	49.46	106	50.14	105	58.01	105	40.23
Saudi Arabia	65	64.38	40	83.12	60	69.84	106	40.18
Senegal	97	53.52	101	54.11	88	63.55	96	42.9
Serbia	41	70.61	47	81.86	27	77.1	62	52.87
Slovakia	24	78.93	21	90.49	14	83.25	35	63.04
Slovenia	18	81.65	15	92.05	12	83.6	25	69.3
South Africa	69	62.96	94	60.2	71	67.49	40	61.19
South Korea	28	77.18	24	88.69	32	76.26	27	66.58
Spain	21	80.77	22	90.22	28	76.9	17	75.19
Sri Lanka	85	59.71	77	69.05	74	67.27	98	42.8
Sudan	128	38.45	117	42.27	126	46.57	130	26.5
Swaziland	108	48.87	105	50.26	116	53.05	94	43.29
Sweden	6	87.08	5	94.59	9	84.71	7	81.95
Switzerland	2	88.19	2	94.87	1	89.78	12	79.92
Tajikistan	95	56.05	92	62.68	96	60.88	88	44.6
Tanzania	114	46.06	123	38.79	106	57.27	102	42.1
Thailand	59	65.14	67	74.1	49	71.97	72	49.34
Togo	122	42.8	120	40.67	113	53.78	120	33.96
Trinidad and Tobago	47	69.88	64	74.44	53	71.48	31	63.73
Tunisia	70	62.96	56	77.72	77	66.76	90	44.39
Turkey	64	64.62	43	82.1	82	64.36	77	47.41
Uganda	111	47.75	115	43.19	95	61	111	39.05
Ukraine	62	64.91	53	77.98	92	61.42	54	55.33
United Arab Emirates	37	72.92	25	88.62	30	76.74	60	53.39
United Kingdom	13	84.56	16	91.9	19	79.47	6	82.29
United States	16	82.77	23	89.82	36	75.96	5	82.54
Uruguay	26	77.51	34	85.79	48	72.18	18	74.56
Uzbekistan	92	57.34	61	75.88	115	53.28	97	42.87
Venezuela	67	63.78	85	65.47	40	75.02	68	50.86
Yemen	125	40.23	108	48.5	123	47.88	132	24.31
Zambia	104	49.88	124	38.57	86	63.67	78	47.41